In any country, while the population reaches an explosive state, it begins offevolved developing disproportionately with the sources, so it’s far vital to deliver balance in it. Resource is a totally essential component. The population boom fee is better than the fee of improvement in India. Regional imbalance with sources is likewise growing unexpectedly. In South India the overall fertility fee i.e. what number of youngsters a lady can provide start to withinside the reproductive stage, this fee is ready 2.1 that’s taken into consideration as the stableness fee. But in contrast, North India and Eastern India, that have states like Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, Odisha, have a complete fertility fee of greater than four. This creates a local imbalance inside India. When improvement is low in a few components and population is high, human beings migrate from such location to different locations looking for employment and livelihood. But the trouble of sources and extra of population creates tension; regionalism bobbing up in specific regions is associated with the battle for sources somewhere.
On the event of Independence Day, the Prime Minister expressed subject over the unexpectedly growing population in India and mentioned controlling it. Shortly earlier than this, the Population Control Bill, 2019 changed into added withinside the Rajya Sabha via way of means of a nominated Member of Parliament withinside the price range consultation to manipulate the population. Due to being a non-public invoice, it couldn’t be exceeded in Parliament, however after the Prime Minister’s address, this problem is being mentioned again. Provision has been made on this invoice for the start of youngsters. Public representatives having greater than youngsters can be disqualified, in addition to authorities personnel may also must provide an project now no longer to have greater than youngsters. However, such personnel who have already got greater than youngsters are exempted from this provision. Apart from this, diverse rules have additionally been mentioned on this invoice to inspire residents to undertake the coverage of youngsters.
On the event of Independence Day, the Prime Minister expressed subject over the unexpectedly growing population in India and mentioned controlling it. Shortly earlier than this, the Population Control Bill, 2019 changed into added withinside the Rajya Sabha via way of means of a nominated Member of Parliament withinside the price range consultation to manipulate the population. Due to being a non-public invoice, it couldn’t be exceeded in Parliament, however after the Prime Minister’s address, this problem is being mentioned again. Provision has been made on this invoice for the start of youngsters. Public representatives having greater than youngsters can be disqualified, in addition to authorities personnel may also must provide an project now no longer to have greater than youngsters. However, such personnel who have already got greater than youngsters are exempted from this provision. Apart from this, diverse rules have additionally been mentioned on this invoice to inspire residents to undertake the coverage of youngsters.
Table of Contents
Why is it necessary to control population?
The increasing rate of population is the cause of many problems. Developing countries are striving hard to reach the level of developed countries and rapid increase in population in these countries is one of the main obstacles in this direction. The problem of unemployment is at the highest level due to the increasing population. There are many people in search of jobs but vacancies are limited. Unemployment is the cause of poverty which is another problem. It creates discontent among the people and gives rise to crime. People who are unable to get their desired jobs often adopt unwanted ways to earn money.
It should also be understood that the resources are limited but the demand is increasing due to the increasing number of people. Forests are being cut down and huge office and residential buildings are being built in their place. What to do? This is being done to accommodate the growing population. Natural resources are depleting rapidly as more number of people are using them. It is creating imbalance in the environment. More and more natural resources are being used to meet the demands of the people. This not only causes environmental degradation but also increases the cost of living. Thus controlling the population has become the need of the day. It is necessary to establish balance and harmony in the environment. This will ensure a better standard of living for the people.
Possible steps to control human population
Here are some possible steps to control the human population:
Education
Most of the people belonging to poor and uneducated sections do not make family planning plans. They see women as one child-making machine after another. It is necessary to educate people. The government should take steps to make education essential for all.
Family Planning
It is necessary for the government to sensitize people about the importance of family planning. This must be done repeatedly through radio, television, the Internet and other forms of communication.
Monetary Gain
The government should provide exemptions from taxes or other monetary benefits to families who have a child. Since today people are running after money, this will be an effective step towards controlling the population. Governments of some countries have already implemented such policies.
Fine or penalty
Just as the government can provide monetary benefits to those who do proper family planning, it can also impose fines in the form of money on those who do not. Families with more than two children should be fined.
Strict monitoring
The government should not only implement the above mentioned points but should also examine them thoroughly and ensure that people follow them.
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Malthus’s Population Theory
British economist Malthus has explained population growth and its effects in ‘Principles of Population’. According to Malthus, “Population grows at twice the rate (1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32), whereas resources increase at the same rate as normal (1, 2, 3, 4, 5). As a result the population doubles after every 25 years. Although the views of Malthus cannot be agreed literally, but it is true that the rate of growth of population is greater than the rate of growth of resources. David Ricardo, the father of the land tax theory, and Thomas Sadler, Herbert Spencer on the coordination of population and resources have also expressed serious views on population growth.
Economic Survey 2018-19: A Different Approach
The Economic Survey 2018-19 states that the pace of population growth in India has slowed down over the past few decades. During the year 1971-81, the annual growth rate, which was 2.5 percent, has come down to 1.3 percent in the year 2011-16. Referring to the demographic trends in the Economic Survey, it has been highlighted that states like Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan and Haryana, which have historically had high population growth rates, have also shown a decline in the population growth rate. The states of South India and West Bengal, Punjab, Maharashtra, Odisha, Assam and Himachal Pradesh have annual growth rate less than 1 percent. According to the survey, the population growth rate in India is likely to decline sharply in the coming two decades, with some states beginning to move towards the status of an aging society by 2030. The Economic Survey not only maintains an optimistic view of population control, but suggests that the focus of policy making in India should be on the increasing number of elderly people in the future.
Major challenges of growing population
- Stable Population: To achieve the goal of stable population growth, it is necessary that the fertility rate should be reduced first. It is quite high in states like Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, Haryana, Madhya Pradesh, Jharkhand and Chhattisgarh, which remains a major challenge.
- Quality of life: To provide citizens with a minimum quality of life, investments have to be made on the development of education and health systems, maximum production of food grains and food grains, people have to live in houses, clean drinking water supply and work on strengthening infrastructure such as roads, transport and power generation and distribution.
- To meet the basic needs of the citizens and to accommodate the growing population by providing social infrastructure, India needs to spend more and for this India will have to increase its resources by all possible means.
- Demographic divide: To take advantage of the growing population, India has to build a strong base of human capital so that they can contribute significantly to the country’s economy, but India’s low literacy rate (about 74 percent) is the biggest obstacle in this path. .
- Sustainable Urban Development: The country’s urban population will double by the year 2050, due to which the challenge of improving urban facilities and providing housing to all will be necessary, as well as keeping the environment in mind.
- Unequal income distribution: Unequal distribution of income and increasing inequality among people will result in negative consequences of overpopulation.
Population assist in preference to populace manage
India has now no longer visible populace in phrases of a hassle and manage over it however as a thriving aid that’s the lifestyles pressure of a developing economy. Seeing it withinside the phrases of hassle and manage and performing from this factor of view will now no longer be a positive step for the nation. This method could stifle development thus far and set the floor for a weaker and worse fitness transport system. This state of affairs could be opposite to the goal this is preferred to be carried out via a application like Ayushman Bharat. Presently, the fertility price in 23 states and union territories (such as all of the states of South India) has already reached under the alternative degree of 2.1 youngsters in line with woman. Thus a coverage of assist in preference to manage could be extra effective.
Lessons from the Past
In unbiased India, the world’s first kingdom marketing campaign for populace manage turned into commenced withinside the yr 1951. But this did now no longer cause success. During the Emergency of 1975, efforts have been made to govern the populace on a massive scale. Many inhuman strategies have been utilized in those efforts. Not best did this application fail, however there has been an surroundings of worry a few of the human beings approximately making plans and its technique, which hindered the efforts of populace manage for plenty years.
Conclusion
According to the 2011 census, the populace of India turned into 121 crores and it’s far being predicted that at gift it has crossed a hundred thirty crores, in addition to with the aid of using the yr 2030, the populace of India is predicted to be extra than China. In the sort of situation, the hastily developing populace is a huge venture earlier than India due to the fact the increase of assets is restrained in percentage to the populace. In this case the demographic dividend is becoming a demographic curse. Addressing the equal situation, the Prime Minister of India has reiterated this hassle at the event of Independence Day. Although populace increase has given upward push to many challenges, prison technique can not be taken into consideration as a appropriate step to govern it.
People must recognize the significance of controlling the populace. This will now no longer best offer them with a easy and healthful surroundings and a higher wellknown of dwelling however may even assist withinside the general improvement in their country. The authorities must additionally take this count critically and make suitable regulations and guidelines to make sure populace manage. Both the general public and the authorities want to paintings collectively to govern this hassle.
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